Q-Squared Working Papers - International Development Studies

Q2 - Combining Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches in Poverty Analysis - was a research initiative of Ravi Kanbur, T. H. Lee Professor of World Affairs at Cornell University. It was followed-up by a research project led by Paul Shaffer, Professor of International Development Studies, Trent University with support from the International Development Research Centre (IDRC) (Canada) from 2004-2007. The aim was to promote a better integration of ‘qual’ and ‘quant’ approaches to poverty assessment in the Global South through information sharing and networking, national capacity building and the piloting of innovative methodologies.

Q2 activities included conferences of the same name held at Cornell University (2001), the University of Toronto (2004) and the Vietnamese Academy of Social Sciences (2007). This led to the publication of a monograph (Q-Squared, Delhi: Permanent Black, 2001) and Special Issues of World Development (Vol. 35, No. 2, 2007) and the International Journal of Multiple Research Approaches (Vol. 2, No. 2, 2008), respectively. A Q2 Working Paper Series was also produced, which included all conference papers as well as others materials.

The Q2 Working Paper Series has now been taken over by the Department of International Development Studies (IDST) at Trent University. Trent's IDST program is the oldest in Canada with a long tradition of promoting interdisciplinary research.

Q2 Working Paper Series

NO	Date	Title (Author/s)
72	Summer 2023	Growth, Poverty and Immiserizing Growth: Empirical Evidence - Paul Shaffer, Trent University, Canada
71	Summer 2020	Malevolent Exclusion and Immiserising Growth - Paul Shaffer, Trent University, Canada
70	Summer 2020	Typology Construction for Comparative Country Case Study Analysis of Patterns of Growth - Paul Shaffer, Trent University, Canada
69	Summer 2018	Explaining Immiserizing Growth - Paul Shaffer, Trent University, Canada
68	Summer 2018	Impact Assessment of the Effects of Trade on Employment: The Role of Mixed Method Approaches - Paul Shaffer, Trent University, Canada
67	Summer 2018	Methodological Approaches to the Study of Inequality: Applied Microeconomics, Kuznets and Tilly - Paul Shaffer, Trent University, Canada
66	Summer 2016	Immiserizing Growth: A Research Agenda - Paul Shaffer, Trent University, Canada
65	Winter 2015	Colonialism and Seasonal Poverty in the Northern Territories of the Gold Coast, circa 1900-1940 - Paul Shaffer, Trent University, Canada
64	Winter 2013/ 2014	The ‘Great Myanmar Poverty Debate' - Paul Shaffer, Trent University, Canada
63	Winter 2013/ 2014	The Value-Added of Causal Pluralism to Poverty Analysis - Paul Shaffer, Trent University, Canada
62	Winter 2013/ 2014	‘Production’ vs. ‘Difference-Making’ in Causal Analysis: Implications for Poverty - Paul Shaffer, Trent University, Canada
61	Winter 2013	Q-Squared in Impact Assessment: A Review* - Paul Shaffer, Trent University, Canada
60	Summer 2012	Introduction to Q-Squared in Policy: the Use of Qualitative and Quantitative Methods of Poverty Analysis in Decision-Making* - Paul Shaffer Trent University, Canada, Ravi Kanbur Cornell University, USA, Nguyen Thang, Centre for Analysis and Forecasting, Vietnamese Academy of Social Sciences, Hanoi, Vietnam, Ellen Bortei-Doku Aryeetey, Institute of Statistical, Social and Economic Research, University of Ghana Accra, Ghana
59	Summer 2012	The Value of Literary Practices - Lucio Esposito School of International Development, University of East Anglia, Bereket Kebede School of International Development, University of East Anglia, Bryan MaddoxSchool of International Development, University of East Anglia
58	Summer 2012	Casting the Net Wide and Deep: Lessons Learned in a Mixed-Methods Study of Poverty Dynamics in Rural Bangladesh - Peter Davis, Social Development Research Initiative, UK, Bob Baulch, Tan Tao University, Vietnam
57	Winter 2012	Ten Years of 'Q-Squared': Are Two Disciplines Better than One? - Paul Shaffer, Trent University, Canada
56	Winter 2012	Beneath the 'Methods Debate' in Impact Assessment: Baring Assumptions of a Mixed Methods Impact Assessment in Vietnam Paul Shaffer, Trent University, Canada
55	Winter 2012	Integrating Quantitative and Qualitative Data to Improve our Understanding of Poverty in Uganda - Diego Angemi
54	Winter 2012	Who is Poor? One Question, Many Answers and their Implications: A Comparison of Poverty Assessment in Rural Yunnan, China - Caizhen Lu, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences
53	Spring 2008	Behavioural Responses to Changes Accompanying Reform: A Q-Squared Analysis from Than Hoa Province, Vietnam - Paul Shaffer, Trent University, Canada
52	Spring 2008	Poverty Dynamics: Measurement and Understanding from an Interdisciplinary Perspective - Tony Addison, University of Manchester, David Hulme, University of Manchester, Ravi Kanbur, Cornell University
51	Spring 2008	On Trying to be Q-Squared: Merging Methods for a Technically-Minded Client - Nilakshi de Silva and Neranjana Gunetilleke, Centre for Poverty Analysis, Colombo, Sri Lanka
50	Nov. 2007	A The Use of Quantitative and Qualitative Survey Results to Influence Policy: The Case of Participatory Service Deliverty (PSDA) in Zanzibar - Slaus Mwisomba
49	Nov. 2007	A Q-Squared Approach to Pro-Poor Policy Formulation in Namibia - Sebastian Levine, United Nations Development Programme, Namibia, and Benjamin Roberts, Human Sciences Research Council, South Africa
48	Nov. 2007	Community-based Change Ranking: Understanding Poverty Dynamics from a Multidimensional Perspective - Munshi Sulaiman and Imran Matin, BRAC, Bangladesh
47	Nov. 2007	Targeting Context-Specific Reasons for Reducing Poverty Faster: Utilizing the Stages-of-Progress Methodology - Anirudh Khrishna, Duke University
46	Nov. 2007	Trade Liberalisation and Intra-Household Poverty in Vietnam: a Q2 Social Impact Analysis - Nicola Jones, ODI, UK, Nguyen Ngoc Anh, Development and Policies Research Centre, Hanoi, Nguyen Thu Hang, Center for Analysis and Forecasting, Vietnamese Academy of Social Sciences, Hanoi
45	Nov. 2007	Monitoring Empowerment in Policy and Programme Interventions: Combining Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches - Jeremy Holland and Simon Brook, Oxford Policy Management, UK, Nora Dudwick and Mette Bertelsen, World Bank
44	Nov. 2007	Whose Numbers Count? Resolving Conflicting Evidence on BT Cotton in India - Ronald Herring, Cornell University
43	Nov. 2007	Identifying and Communicating Pro-Poor Policy Messages to Policy Audiences: the Case of Chronic Poverty in Uganda - Kate Bird, ODI, UK
42	Nov. 2007	Poverty.Dynamics.and.Life Trajectories in Rural Bangladesh - Bob Baulch, Institute of Development Studies, University of Sussex and Peter Davis, University of Bath
41	Nov. 2007	Evaluation of entra 21 using Quantitative and Qualitative Data - Maria Alzu, Paula Nahirnak and Belissario de Toledo, IEFAL - Fundaci?n Mediterr?nea, Argentina
40	Nov. 2007	Combining Survey and Ethnographic Methods to Evaluate Conditional Cash Transfer Programs - Michelle Adato, IFPRI, USA
39	June 2007	Conceptualizing social exclusion in the context of India’s poorest regions: a contribution to the Qual-Quant debate - Arjan de Haan, Department for International Development (UK)
38	June 2007	Community Wealth-Ranking and Household Surveys: An Integrative Approach - Bereket Kebede, School of Development Studies, University of East Anglia, Centre for the Study of African Economies (CSAE), University of Oxford
37	June 2007	Figuring Out Accountability: Selected uses of official statistics by civil society to improve public sector performance - Christopher Scott, London School of Economics and Political Science
36	April 2007	From Models to Mechanisms: Multi-Disciplinary Perspectives on Literacy and Development - Bryan Maddox, School of Development Studies, University of East Anglia
35	April 2007	Weighting Dimensions of Poverty Based on People’s Priorities: Constructing a Composite Poverty Index for the Maldives - Hans de Kruijk, Erasmus University & Martine Rutten, Dutch Ministry of Finance and School of Economics
34	April 2007	Bringing Politics Back In To Poverty Analysis: Why Understanding of Social Relations Matters More for Policy on Chronic Poverty than Measurement - John Harriss, Simon Fraser University
33	February 2007	Poverty Measurement Blues: Some Reflections on the Space for Understanding ‘Chronic’ and ‘Structural’ Poverty in South Africa - Dr Andries du Toit, Programme for Land and Agrarian Studies, School of Government University of the Western Cape, South Africa
32	February 2007	A Comparison of Quantitative and Qualitative Poverty Targeting Methods in Vietnam - Nga Nguyet Nguyen, The World Bank, Hanoi Office & Martin Rama, The World Bank, Hanoi Office
31	February 2007	Core Poverty, Vagueness and Adaptation: A New Methodology and Some Results for South Africa - David A. Clark, Global Poverty Research Group (GPRG), Universities of Manchester and Oxford, UK and Institute for Development Policy and Management (IDPM), University of Manchester, UK & Mozaffar Qizilbash, School of Economics, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
30	August 2006	Annotated Bibliography of Recent Q2 Analyses of Poverty - Jessica da Silva
29	August 2006	Using Rapid City Surveys to Inform Municipal Social Policy – An Application in Cali, Columbia - Jesko Hentschel, The World Bank
28	August 2006	Inter-country Comparisons of Poverty Based on a Capability Approach: An Empirical Exercise - Sanjay Reddy, Department of Economics, Barnard College and Institute for Social and Economic Research and Policy, Columbia University; Sujata Visaria, Department of Economics, Boston University & Muhammad Asali, Department of Economics, Columbia University
27	June 2006	Representing Poverty and Attacking Representations: Perspectives on Poverty from Social Anthropology - Maia Green, Global Poverty Research Group and Department of Social Anthropology, University of Manchester
26	June 2006	Pluralism, Tenancy and Poverty: Cultivating Open-Mindedness in Poverty Studies - Wendy Olsen, Global Poverty Research Group, Universities of Manchester and Oxford, UK.
25	June 2006	Experiencing Poverty in Africa: Perspectives from Anthropology - David Booth, Overseas Development Institute, UK.; Melissa Leach, Institute of Development Studies, University of Sussex, UK. & Alison Tierney, University of Edinburgh, UK.
24	April 2006	Poverty.Dynamics.and.the.Role.of.Livestock.in the Peruvian Andes - P. Kristjanson, International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Kenya; A. Krishna, Sanford Institute of Public Policy, Duke University; M. Radeny, International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Kenya; J. Kuan, Consortium for the Sustainable Development of the Andean Ecoregion (CONDESAN); G. Quilca, CARE-Peru; A. Sanchez-Urrelo, CARE-Peru & C. Leon-Velarde, International Potato Centre (CIP), Peru
23	April 2006	Poverty Persistence and Transitions in Uganda: A Combined Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis - David Lawson, University of Manchester, UK.; Andy McKay, University of Bath & John Okidi, Economic Policy Research Centre, Kampala
22	April 2006	And Never the Twain Shall Meet? An Exchange on the Strengths and Weaknesses of Anthropology and Economics in Analyzing the Commons - Ravi Kanbur, Cornell University & Annelise Riles, Cornell University
21	April 2006	Conceptual Ferment in Poverty and Inequality Measurement: The View from Economics and Sociology - David Grusky, Stanford University & Ravi Kanbur, Cornell University
20	February 2006	Community Participation in Social Funds in Malawi and Zambia - Anju Vajja, Operations Evaluation Department, World Bank & Howard White, Operations Evaluation Department, World Bank
19	February 2006	The Case for Cross-Disciplinary Social Science Research on Poverty, Inequality and Well-being - David Hulme, Institute for Development Policy and Management, University of Manchester & John Toye, Queen Elizabeth House, University of Oxford
18	February 2006	Conversations between Anthropologists and Economists - Metin M. Cosgel, Economics Dept., University of Connecticut
17	February 2006	Methodological Approaches in Economics and Anthropology - Pranab Bardhan, Department of Economics, University of California at Berkeley & Isha Ray, Energy and Resources Group, University of California at Berkeley
16	December 2005	The Social Impact of Social Funds in Jamaica: A “Participatory Econometric” Analysis of Targeting, Collective Action, and Participation in Community-Driven Development - Vijayendra Rao, The World Bank, Washington DC & Ana María Ibáñez, Universidad de Los Andes, Bogota, Colombia
15	December 2005	Studying Multi-Dimensional Poverty in Ethiopia: towards a Q-Integrated Approach - Philippa Bevan, University of Bath
14	December 2005	Combining Participatory and Survey-based Approaches to Poverty Monitoring and Analysis*- Simon Appleton, University of Nottingham & David Booth, Overseas Development Institute
13	December 2005	Participation and Numbers - Robert Chambers, Institute of Development Studies, University of Sussex
12	October 2005	Combining Quantitative and Qualitative Data in Welfare Policy Evaluations in the United States - Andrew S. London, Syracuse University; Saul Schwartz, Carleton University & Ellen K. Scott, University of Oregon
11	October 2005	The Best of Both Worlds: Producing National Statistics using Participatory Methods - Carlos Barahona, Statistical Services Centre, The University of Reading, UK & Sarah Levy, Calibre Consultants, Reading U.K.
10	October 2005	Understanding Rural Poverty and Investment in Agriculture: An Assessment of Integrated Quantitative and Qualitative Research in Western Kenya - Frank Place, World Agroforestry Centre, Nairobi, Kenya; Michelle Adato, International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington DC & Paul Hebinck, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
9	October 2005	UNDERSTANDING POVERTY AND VULNERABILITY IN INDIA’S UTTAR PRADESH AND BIHAR: A Q-SQUARED APPROACH - Barbara Parker, Save the Children US, Dushanbe, Tajikistan & Valerie Kozel, The World Bank
8	October 2005	‘P3 > Q2’ IN NORTHERN ORISSA; an example of integrating ‘Combined Methods’ (Q2) through a ‘Platform for Probing Poverties’ (P3) - Alan Rew, Cntr. for Development Studies, University of Wales Swansea; Shahzad Khan, Xavier Institute of Management, Bhubaneswar, Orissa & Martin Rew, Research Fellow, HIV/AIDS Unit, Division of Social Statistics, University of Southampton.
7	October 2005	SQUARING THE ‘Q’s? METHODOLOGICAL REFLECTIONS ON A STUDY OF DESTITUTION IN ETHIOPIA - Kay Sharp, Institute of Development Studies, University of Sussex
6	October 2005	Methodological Innovations in Research on the Dynamics of Poverty: A Longitudinal Study in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa - Michelle Adato, International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington DC, USA; Francie Lund, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa & Phakama Mhlongo, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
5	October 2005	Governance in the Gullies: Democratic Responsiveness and Leadership in Delhi’s Slums - Saumitra Jha, Department of Economics, Stanford University; Vijayendra Rao, Development Research Group, The World Bank & Michael Woolcock, Development Research Group, The World Bank
4	October 2005	“Hearing the voices of the poor”: Assigning poverty lines on the basis of local perceptions of poverty; a quantitative analysis of qualitative data from participatory wealth ranking in rural South Africa - James R Hargreaves et. al., London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine
3	October 2005	Combining Quantitative and Qualitative methods in Assessing Chronic Poverty: The Case of Rwanda - Gerard Howe, Department for International Development, UK & Andrew McKay, University of Bath, UK
2	October 2005	Epistemology, Normative Theory and Poverty Analysis: Implications for Q-Squared in Practice - Ravi Kanbur, Cornell University & Paul Shaffer, University of Toronto
1	October 2005	Q-Squared - Qualitative and Quantitative Poverty Appraisal: Complementarities, Tensions and the Way Forward - Ravi Kanbur (Editor) Cornell University